Gucapa no Gusiga Irangi: Ibisa n'Itandukaniro

I. Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gusiga irangi no gucapa

IGICE CYA 01

1. Imiti ikoreshwa mu gushushanya muri rusange ntabwo irimo uduce duto twongeramo ubugari cyangwa ngo yongeremo uduce duto gusa, mu gihe uduce dukoreshwa mu gucapa dukenera kongerwamo uduce twinshi twongeramo ubugari. Ibi ni ukugira ngo hirindwe kuva amaraso mu buryo bw'ibishushanyo (byatera imiterere idasobanutse cyangwa idasobanutse neza) no kwimuka kw'irangi mu gihe cyo kuma nyuma yo gucapa.
2. Ubusanzwe irangi riva mu gusiga irangi ntabwo riri hejuru cyane, bityo ikibazo cyo gushonga kw'irangi ntabwo ari kinini cyane, kandi ibintu biva mu gusiga irangi akenshi ntibikunze kongerwamo. Ariko, ingano y'irangi mu gusohora irangi ni nyinshi, kandi kuba ngombwa kongeramo ingano nini y'irangi mu gusiga irangi bituma gushonga kw'irangi bigorana. Bityo, ingano nini y'ibintu biva mu gusiga irangi (nk'umunyu wa urea, alcool, n'umunyu ushongesha B) ikunze kongerwamo.
3. Mu gihe cyo gusiga irangi (cyane cyane irangi riva mu mwuka), umwenda uguma mu bwogero bw'irangi igihe kirekire, bigatuma irangi rikwirakwira neza kandi rigatangira kwinjira mu migozi kugira ngo urangize igikorwa cyo gusiga irangi. Mu gucapa, nyuma y'uko irangi ryongewe ku irangi rimaze kuma kugira ngo rikore firime, urwego rwa firime ya polymer rubuza irangi gukwirakwira mu migozi. Bityo rero, ni ngombwa kwishingikiriza ku nzira zo nyuma yo kuvurwa nko gushyushya no guteka kugira ngo hongerwe igipimo cyo gukwirakwiza irangi no koroshya irangi ry'imigozi.
4. Mu gusiga irangi, ni gake cyane kuvanga ubwoko bubiri butandukanye bw'amabara kugira ngo hahuzwe amabara (usibye iyo usiga irangi ku myenda ivanze). Mu buryo bunyuranye, gucapa akenshi bisaba gukoresha ubwoko butandukanye bw'amabara mu gucapa hamwe, cyangwa se gucapa hakoreshejwe uburyo buvanze. Byongeye kandi, hari inzira zitandukanye nko gucapa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusohora, kurwanya gucapa, no kubika inyandiko, bigatuma imiterere y'uburyo bwo gucapa itandukana n'iyo gusiga irangi.
5. Imyenda icapishijwe irimo ibikoresho bifite icapiro ry’umweru, icapiro ry’umweru risohora, cyangwa rirwanya icapiro ry’umweru. Kubwibyo, mbere yo gutunganya ibikoresho byacapwe imvi byacapwe igice cya kabiri bisaba urwego rw’umweru nk’urw’imyenda yacapwe igice cya kabiri, mu gihe ibisabwa ku bikoresho byacapwe igice cya kabiri cyacapwe ari bike.
6. Ibikoresho byasizwe irangi bikenera ubushobozi bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza no kwinjira mu migozi mu gihe cyo gusiga irangi. Mu gutunganya imyenda yacapwe, gucapa no kumisha ni ibikorwa bihoraho, akenshi birangira mu masegonda make gusa. Byongeye kandi, imiterere yacapwe igomba kugira ibara rimwe, imiterere isobanutse neza, imirongo yoroshye, kandi nta gucika. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho byacapwe byacapwe kandi byahinduwe umweru ntibikenera ubushobozi bwiza bwo gusiga gusa ahubwo bisaba ubushobozi bumwe kandi bwiza bwo gusiga irangi ako kanya. Ibi bituma umwenda "winjira neza" aho wacapwe mu bice byacapwe ako kanya binyuze mu gikorwa cya capillary.
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II. Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gusiga irangi no gucapa

IGICE CYA 02

1. Hari itandukaniro rinini rikomeye hagati yo gusiga irangi no gucapa:

   ① Gucapa bihisha neza inenge z'imyenda y'imvi kuruta gusiga irangi.

   ② Imyenda icapwa ifite ibisabwa bikomeye ku bijyanye n'uburyo ibintu bikozwe mu buryo buciriritse bishyirwa mu buryo buciriritse.

   ③ Gusiga irangi no gucapa bishobora kugira ibisabwa byihariye ku bwoko bumwe bw'irangi.

   ④ Gusiga irangi no gucapa bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye mbere yo gutunganya ibintu birangiye (urugero: umweru n'ingaruka za capillary).

   ⑤ Uburyo bwo gusiga irangi burimo cyangwa budafite ingano ntoya y'umusemburo ukomeza kwiyongera, mu gihe uburyo bwo gucapa burimo ingano nini y'umusemburo ukomeza kwiyongera.

   ⑥ Mu gihe cyo gusiga irangi, irangi ryinjira kandi rikagenda ryinjira neza; mu gucapa, irangi ntiryoroshye kurikwirakwiza no kurishyiramo kandi bisaba kuriteka mu mwuka ushyushye cyangwa kuriteka.

   ⑦ Amarangi ari mu bisubizo byo gusiga amarangi ashongesha byoroshye hatabayeho gukenera ibivanze, mu gihe amacapiro asaba ko hongerwamo byinshi bivanze.

   ⑧ Gushushanya irangi akenshi bikoresha ubwoko bubiri butandukanye bw'amabara kugira ngo hahuzwe amabara, mu gihe gucapa bikunze kubikora.

2. Hari ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi bihuriyeho hagati yo gusiga irangi no gucapa:

   ① Ku bwoko bumwe bwa fibre, iyo irangi rimwe rikoreshejwe haba mu gusiga irangi no gucapa, ibara rivamo rizaba rimwe.

   ② Imiterere y'ibinyabutabire bikoreshwa mu buryo bw'umubiri n'ubutabire irasa.

   ③ Uburyo bwo gusiga irangi no kurishyiraho birasa.