Ese wigeze ubona ikintu gitangaje: uko imyenda irushaho kuba myiza, ni ko irushaho kugaragara nk'iy'amabara menshi. Reba imyenda y'akataraboneka - yose ni imyenda yoroshye. Isaba kwitabwaho cyane; bitabaye ibyo, izasa n'iyashaje nyuma yo kwambikwa inshuro nke gusa. Uko ni ko kwinezeza nyabyo bimeze!
Kuki imyenda imwe n'imwe irabagirana irabagirana byoroshye?
Igisubizo: Imyambarire y'impeshyi cyangwa imyenda yegereye uruhu ituruka ku bigo bizwi cyane ikunze kugira ikibazo cyo kuva amaraso mu ibara, harimo n'imyambarire y'amabara akomeye n'ibintu byanditseho amabara menshi. Impuguke zisanzwe zigaragaza ko imyenda y'ikirango igomba kuba ifite amabara meza kandi yihuta.
Bitewe n’iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga, abakora imyenda ihenze bakunze guhitamo amarangi yegereye ibice bisanzwe. Ayo marangi nta mabara yihuta cyane, ariko ntabwo ari uburozi ku bantu kandi ntangiza ibidukikije.
Ntukanywe cyangwa ngo ushyire iyi myenda mu mwanya wayo igihe kirekire, kandi wirinde kuyimesa ku bushyuhe bwinshi. Amarangi atari aya azo arakoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe. Imyenda icapwa kandi irangirwa hamwe n'andi marangi atari aya azo igaragaza ko idakira cyane. Imyenda irangi n'imyenda icapwa ishobora kuva ibara mu gihe cyo kumesa. Iki kibazo gikunze kubaho ku myenda yo mu mpeshyi n'imyenda yegereye uruhu, kandi gikunze kugaragara cyane mu myenda y'abagore. Mesa ibi bikoresho ukoresheje isabune idakoresha uruhu. Subiza vuba kandi buri gihe. Ntukanywe cyangwa ngo ushyire imyenda mu mazi, kandi ntugakoreshe amazi ashyushye.
Ni iyihe myenda ikunda kuva amaraso?
Igisubizo cy'impuguke:
Gutakaza ibara mu gihe cyo kumesa bikurikiza imiterere imwe n'imwe. Imyenda ikozwe mu migozi karemano itakaza ibara byoroshye kurusha ikozwe mu migozi ya shimi, cyane cyane imigozi ikoze mu byuma. Imyenda ikoze mu ipamba, mu mwenda w'ishati, mu mwenda w'ubudodo n'ubwoya ikunze kwangirika cyane kurusha imyenda ya polyamide, polyester, acrylic n'indi isa nayo.
Silika n'ipamba biza ku isonga mu kuva amaraso mu ibara. Icya kabiri, imyenda ifite irangi rinini kandi ifite amabara meza ikunze kuva amaraso.
Umukara, amabara yijimye, umutuku utukura, icyatsi kibisi gikeye, ubururu burabagirana, umuhengeri utangaje n'andi asa nayo ava amaraso byoroshye; imyenda ifite amabara yoroheje kandi idasobanutse ntabwo ikunda gutakaza ibara. Urugero, ikoti rinini ry'ubwoya bw'umweru ryambaye magenta rirabagirana hafi ya ryose rizava amaraso, mu gihe ikoti rya acrylic risa naryo ntirizava amaraso. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ikanzu y'umukara ya silk igomba kuva amaraso mu mazi, mu gihe ikanzu ya polyester isa nayo idava amaraso na gato.
Uburyo bwo gukaraba kugira ngo hirindwe kuva amaraso no gucika burundu
Gutakaza ibara ry'imyenda irangi bifitanye isano n'imiterere y'irangi n'uburyo bwo gucapa irangi. Amarangi menshi asanzwe ashongera mu mazi, cyane cyane amazi y'isabune, amazi ashyushye n'amazi ya alkaline. Amarangi kandi arashira iyo imyenda itose bitewe n'izuba.
Kugira ngo ibara rikomeze kuba ryiza, oza mu mazi akonje ukoresheje isabune idafite uburibwe nka isabune ikoreshwa mu busitani, shampoo cyangwa isabune yo gusangiriraho amasahani. Ntugakoreshe ifu yo kumesa imyenda, isabune yo mu bwoko bwa bar cyangwa amazi ashyushye yo kwiyuhagira.
Mesa imyenda y'umukara n'iyoroheje ukwayo kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika. Shyiramo ikiyiko gito cy'umunyu kuri buri ndobo y'amazi y'akazuyazi yo kumesa; ntugakoreshe amazi y'ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Sukura neza n'amazi meza ako kanya nyuma yo gukaraba. Ntugasige ibisigazwa by'isabune cyangwa isabune ya alkaline ku myenda igihe kirekire ukoresheje amazi.
Kumisha ahantu hakonje kandi hahumeka neza; wirinde ko habaho imirasire y'izuba.
Ubumenyi bw'ibara ry'imyenda butuma ibara ry'imyenda riva
Kuki imyenda iva ibara? Mu magambo make: kudakoresha ibara bihagije. Ku bakora mu gucapa no gusiga irangi, kudakoresha ibara neza biterwa n'impamvu zitandukanye. Imiterere isanzwe y'ibara irimo kudakoresha isabune, kudakoresha irangi vuba, kudakoresha irangi vuba, kudakoresha irangi vuba / kudakoresha irangi vuba, kudakoresha ipasi vuba, kudakoresha irangi vuba no kudakoresha irangi vuba. Muri ibyo, gusiga isabune, gusiga, urumuri, amazi no kudakoresha irangi vuba ni ibipimo by'ingenzi ku bakora imyenda.
Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'uko ibara ritava ku ibara
Gukomera kw'amabara bivuga ko umwenda udashobora guhangana n'imihangayiko itandukanye mu gihe cyo kuwukora no kuwukoresha burundu. Ingero zirapimwa muri laboratwari kandi zigahabwa amanota ku birebana n'impinduka n'irangi ry'amabara. Isuzuma rishingiye ku bipimo by'imvi bisanzwe ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku bijyanye no guhindura ibara no kurisiga irangi. Igipimo cy'imvi gikubiyemo amanota atanu y'ingenzi kuva ku cyiciro cya 1 (kibi cyane) kugeza ku cyiciro cya 5 (cyiza kurusha ibindi), hagati yacyo hakaba harimo igice cy'amanota, kizwi nka "uburyo bw'intambwe eshanu z'icyiciro cya cyenda".
Isuzuma ry’icyiciro cya 4 rigaragaza ko nta gutandukana gukomeye. Ibipimo byinshi by’inganda byibanda ku cyiciro cya 4 cyangwa icya 3. Ku bijyanye n’itandukaniro ry’amabara ndetse n’uburyo amabara yihuta, icy’icyiciro cya 4 muri rusange gifatwa nk’icyemewe.
Ibyiciro by'uburyo amabara yihuta
Kwirinda koza isabune vuba
Imyenda isaba kumesa hakoreshejwe isabune, bityo kwihuta mu isabune ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by'ingenzi by'uko ibara ritagenda neza. Gusukura isabune bikora binyuze mu gukora surfactant igabanya ubushyuhe bw'amazi kugira ngo amazi yinjire neza, hamwe no gukwirakwiza emulsification kugira ngo ubutaka butwikiriwe n'amavuta bukwirakwizwe mu mazi yo koza.
Mu gihe cyo gusiga irangi, amarangi ahuza n'imigozi. Hari amarangi akora imigozi ihamye ya shimi ihuza n'imigozi. Hari andi marangi aba gusa ku buso bw'imigozi. Aya marangi adafatanye neza asohoka mu mazi y'isabune agasohoka mu mazi yo gukaraba. Kuba isabune idakora neza bituma irangi ritagenda neza; imyenda iba ishaje nyuma yo kumesa.
Kwihuta cyane
Gusukura vuba bikubiyemo gusukura vuba byumye no gusukura vuba byumye. Iyo imyenda isukura ku zindi mpande, ihinduranya ry'amabara ribaho mu buryo bubiri: irangi ritose rikwira ku bikoresho bikoranaho, cyangwa ibice by'imyenda irangi bikuramo bikanafata ku zindi mpande. Gusukura vuba ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi ku myenda hafi ya yose y'imyenda.
Gutakaza ibara ry’ibara rikoreshwa mu gukaraba biterwa ahanini n’ibara ridafite ibara. Ibara ridafite ibara rikabije rituruka ku bintu bibiri by’ingenzi: irangi ritaboneka neza no kuzura cyane kw’irangi. Imiterere y’igicucu cyimbitse ikunze gukoresha amarangi menshi atuma ibara ry’ibara risigara rirenze urugero.
Gutakaza ibara ry’imyenda yumye bikunze kugaragara ku myenda ifunze neza kandi isukuwe. Ubuso bwayo burambuye kandi buteye ubwoba butera gukururana cyane, bugasohora ibara ry’umuhondo n’ibara ry’ubuso. Imyenda yoroshye muri rusange ikora neza mu isuzuma ry’imyenda yumye.
Umuvuduko woroshye
Guhindura ibara ry'ibara ni ikintu kigoye: irangi rifata fotoni, rigashyuha kandi rigahinduka imiterere ya fotokemikali igasenya imiterere ya molekile, bigatuma ibara rihinduka kandi rigashira. Uburemere bw'urumuri rw'imyenda buterwa ahanini n'imiterere ya shimi y'irangi, imiterere y'iteranya, imiterere y'ifatanirizo n'uruvange rw'amabara. Guhitamo irangi rikwiye ni ngombwa.
Icyuma cyometseho imyenda nacyo kigira ingaruka ku buryo urumuri rudahita. Urugero, ubudodo bugabanuka iyo izuba rirenze urugero. Ibintu bifite ibara ryoroheje nka umweru udahita na crème biragaragara ko bifite ibara ryoroheje kandi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo kudahita.
Kwihuta kw'ibyuya
Kwihuta kw'ibyuya bipima ihinduka ry'ibara ry'imyenda n'ibara ry'imyenda yegeranye bitewe n'umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe mu bipimo by'ibizamini birimo histidine. Imyenda yo mu mpeshyi ihura n'ibyuya cyane, bityo imikorere y'ibyuya igomba kwitabwaho mu ikorwa.
Gutembera vuba kw'amacandwe
Gupima vuba amacandwe ni ikizamini cyihariye ku myenda y'abana bato. Abana bato bashobora konka cyangwa guhekenya imyenda. Amacandwe arimo amazi, karubone, fosifate na poroteyine. Iri hame ribuza irangi cyangwa ibintu byangiza gukurwa mu macandwe no kurinywa, ririnda umutekano w'abana.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Nzeri-07-2026